Introduction

1. World Trade Organizationan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations.  (2007). The GATTAt the Bretton Woods conference following World War II, representatives of the United States, Great Britain, France, Russia, and 40 other countries created GATT to reduce barriers to international trade. It was an agreement not an organization. The functions of GATT were taken over by the World Trade Organizationan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations when it was established in 1990./WTOan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations at 60: WTOan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations world trade report examines six decades of multilateralism  in trade. Retrieved from http://www.wtoan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations.org/english/news_e/pres07_e/pr502_e.htm

2. World Trade Organizationan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations. (2010). Trade to expand by 9.5% in 2010 after a dismal 2009, WTOan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations reports   [Press release].  Retrieved from http://www.wtoan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations.org/english/news_e/pres10_e/pr598_e.htm

3. United States Census Bureau. (2011). Top trading partners—Total trade, exports, imports. Retrieved from             http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/highlights/top/top1112yr.html

4. Central Intelligence Agency. (2012). Country comparisons: Exports. World factbook. Retrieved from            https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2078rank.html

5. See Citation 3.

6. ibid.

7. ibid.

8. United States Census Bureau. (2012). Trade in goods with China. Retrieved from www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/c5700.html

Primer 1: The Economics of International Trade

9. WHITIA. (2009). [World map in terms of development July 23, 2012]. Map of the developing world. Retrieved for             http://www.worldhealthimaging.org/Global_Health.html

10. Ryuhei, W. (2009, January 27). International trade during a financial crisis: WTOan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations supervisory    functions should be enhanced. (RIETI, Trans.). Nihon Keizai Shimbun. Retrieved from http://www.rieti.go.jp/en/papers/contribution/wakasugi/02.html

11. International Trade Administration. (2009). [Map illustration of United States by Employment August 07, 2012]. 2009 State Export Related Employment. Retrieved from http://tse.export.gov/JOBS/MapDisplay.aspx

12. Kaufman, W. (2009, April 4). Decline in U.S. exports hurts jobs at home. NPR. Retrieved from             http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=102733452

13. World Trade Organizationan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations. (2010). World merchandise exports by major product group [Data file]. Retrieved from www.wtoan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations.org/english/res_e/statis_e/its2011_e/section2_e/ii01.xls

14. World Trade Organizationan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations. (2010). Trade in commercial services: Exports of commercial services expanded by 9 percent   in 2010 [Data file]. Retrieved from             http://www.wtoan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations.org/english/res_e/statis_e/its2011_e/its11_trade_category_e.pdf

15. Orient Expat. (2012). Cost of living in Thailand. Retrieved from http://www.orientexpat.com/thailand/cost-of-living

16. Central Intelligence Agency. (2010). Country comparison: Oil consumption. World factbook. Retrieved from             https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2174rank.html

17. United States Energy Information Administration. (2012). Petroleum and other liquids: Supply and disposition  [Data set].   Retrieved from http://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_sum_snd_d_nus_mbblpd_a_cur-1.htm

18. United States Department of Energy. (2008).Oil prices. Retrieved from http://energy.gov/oil

19. World Trade Organizationan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations. (2009). International trade statistics [Data file]. Retrieved from             www.wtoan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations.org/english/res_e/statis_e/its2009_e/its2009_e.pdf

20. United States Census Bureau. (2012). U.S, trade in goods and servicesA good is a tangible item that someone has made, mined, or grown. A service is a form of work, assistance, or advice that provides something of value to someone else but does not produce a tangible item.: Balance of payments (BOP) basis [Data file].   Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/historical/gands.txt

21. Bureau of Economic Analysis. (2012). International transactions 2009 [Data table]. Retrieved from             http://www.bea.gov/iTable/iTable.cfm?ReqID=6&step=1

22. Trading Economics. (2012). United States balance of tradeThe balance of trade is the difference between a country’s total imports and exports. When exports exceed imports, there is a trade surplus; the converse yields a trade deficit.. Retrieved from http://www.tradingeconomics.com/united-states/balance-of-trade

23. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. (2012). Balance on goods and servicesA good is a tangible item that someone has made, mined, or grown. A service is a form of work, assistance, or advice that provides something of value to someone else but does not produce a tangible item. [Data file]. Retrieved from             http://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/data/BOPBGS.txt

Primer 2: Government Regulation of Trade

24. Morici, P. (1992). Free trade with Mexico. Foreign policy. Retrieved from             http://www.rhsmith.umd.edu/faculty/pmorici/Free%20Trade%20with%20Mexico.htm#_ft12

25. Smith, F. (2006, May 08). Time to end big sugar’s sweet deal. Competitive Enterprise Institute.  Retrieved from http://cei.org/news-letters-cei-planet/time-end-big-sugars-sweet-deal                           

26. World Bank. (2009). Protectionist measures show worrisome rise since beginning of financial crisis [Press release]. Retrieved from http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/NEWS/0,,contentMDK:22105847~pagePK:64257043~piPK:437376~
theSitePK:4607,00.html

Liberalization, The Deregulation of International Trade

27. U.S. Department of State. (2012). Smoot –Hawley tariffTarrifs are a list of taxes or customs duties payable on imports or exports.. Retrieved from             http://future.state.gov/when/timeline/1921_timeline/smoot_tariff.html

28. Bhagwati, J. (2008). Protectionism. The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics. Retrieved from             http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/Protectionism.html

29. Veseth, M., and Uchitelle, L. (2002). The rise of the global economy. Chicago, IL: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. 

30. World Trade Organizationan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations. (2012). Understanding the WTOan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations: Members and observers. Retrieved from                           http://www.wtoan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations.org/english/theWTO_e/whatis_e/tif_e/org6_e.htm

31. Congressional Research Service. (2008). World Trade Organizationan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations negotiations: The Doha development agenda.  Retrieved from https://opencrs.com/document/RL32060

32. Shah, A. (2006, July 28). WTOan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations Doha “Development” trade round collapse 2006 [Blog entry]. Retrieved from             http://www.globalissues.org/article/663/wtoan international body dealing with the rules of trade between participating nations-doha-development-trade-round-collapse-2006  

33. Guoyan, L. (2009, September 16). Doha Round talks not optimistic despite positive signs. Xinhua News Agency.  Retrieved from http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-09/16/content_12061873.htm   

34. Central Intelligence Agency. (2012). United States. The world factbook. Retrieved from             https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html

35. Moore, M. (2012, January 1). ‘Mass suicide’ at Apple manufacturer Foxconn factory. The Telegraph. Retrieved from  http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/china/9006988/Mass-suicide-protest-at-Apple-manufacturer-Foxconn-factory.html

36. United States Department of State. (2005). Methanex Corp. v. United States of America. Retrieved from             http://www.state.gov/s/l/c5818.htm

37. Public Citizen. (2001). NAFTAa treaty between the U.S., Canada and Mexico, which eliminated tariffs on many products traded between the three countries. It also protects intellectual propertyIntellectual property refers to the creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary or artistic works, and the symbols, names, and designs used in commerce. and outlines the removal of investment restriction amongst the three countries. Chapter 11 investor-to-state cases: Bankrupting democracy. Retrieved from             http://www.citizen.org/documents/ACF186.PDF

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